1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 10.2.0" />
<title>git-push(1)</title>
<style type="text/css">
/* Shared CSS for AsciiDoc xhtml11 and html5 backends */
/* Default font. */
body {
font-family: Georgia,serif;
}
/* Title font. */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
div.title, caption.title,
thead, p.table.header,
#toctitle,
#author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,
#footer {
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}
body {
margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
}
a {
color: blue;
text-decoration: underline;
}
a:visited {
color: fuchsia;
}
em {
font-style: italic;
color: navy;
}
strong {
font-weight: bold;
color: #083194;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #527bbd;
margin-top: 1.2em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
line-height: 1.3;
}
h1, h2, h3 {
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
h2 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
}
h3 {
float: left;
}
h3 + * {
clear: left;
}
h5 {
font-size: 1.0em;
}
div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 0;
}
hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
ul, ol, li > p {
margin-top: 0;
}
ul > li { color: #aaa; }
ul > li > * { color: black; }
.monospaced, code, pre {
font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
font-size: inherit;
color: navy;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
pre {
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
#author {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
#email {
}
#revnumber, #revdate, #revremark {
}
#footer {
font-size: small;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
padding-top: 0.5em;
margin-top: 4.0em;
}
#footer-text {
float: left;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#footer-badges {
float: right;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#preamble {
margin-top: 1.5em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 2.0em;
margin-bottom: 2.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
color: #606060;
}
div.content { /* Block element content. */
padding: 0;
}
/* Block element titles. */
div.title, caption.title {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
text-align: left;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
div.title + * {
margin-top: 0;
}
td div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content + div.title {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.sidebarblock > div.content {
background: #ffffee;
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 4px solid #f0f0f0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.listingblock > div.content {
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
background: #f8f8f8;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.quoteblock, div.verseblock {
padding-left: 1.0em;
margin-left: 1.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
color: #888;
}
div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.5em;
text-align: right;
}
div.verseblock > pre.content {
font-family: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
}
div.verseblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.75em;
text-align: left;
}
/* DEPRECATED: Pre version 8.2.7 verse style literal block. */
div.verseblock + div.attribution {
text-align: left;
}
div.admonitionblock .icon {
vertical-align: top;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: underline;
color: #527bbd;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock td.content {
padding-left: 0.5em;
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
}
div.exampleblock > div.content {
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
padding-left: 0.5em;
}
div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
span.image img { border-style: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; }
a.image:visited { color: white; }
dl {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
dt {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0;
font-style: normal;
color: navy;
}
dd > *:first-child {
margin-top: 0.1em;
}
ul, ol {
list-style-position: outside;
}
ol.arabic {
list-style-type: decimal;
}
ol.loweralpha {
list-style-type: lower-alpha;
}
ol.upperalpha {
list-style-type: upper-alpha;
}
ol.lowerroman {
list-style-type: lower-roman;
}
ol.upperroman {
list-style-type: upper-roman;
}
div.compact ul, div.compact ol,
div.compact p, div.compact p,
div.compact div, div.compact div {
margin-top: 0.1em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
tfoot {
font-weight: bold;
}
td > div.verse {
white-space: pre;
}
div.hdlist {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.hdlist tr {
padding-bottom: 15px;
}
dt.hdlist1.strong, td.hdlist1.strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
td.hdlist1 {
vertical-align: top;
font-style: normal;
padding-right: 0.8em;
color: navy;
}
td.hdlist2 {
vertical-align: top;
}
div.hdlist.compact tr {
margin: 0;
padding-bottom: 0;
}
.comment {
background: yellow;
}
.footnote, .footnoteref {
font-size: 0.8em;
}
span.footnote, span.footnoteref {
vertical-align: super;
}
#footnotes {
margin: 20px 0 20px 0;
padding: 7px 0 0 0;
}
#footnotes div.footnote {
margin: 0 0 5px 0;
}
#footnotes hr {
border: none;
border-top: 1px solid silver;
height: 1px;
text-align: left;
margin-left: 0;
width: 20%;
min-width: 100px;
}
div.colist td {
padding-right: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.3em;
vertical-align: top;
}
div.colist td img {
margin-top: 0.3em;
}
@media print {
#footer-badges { display: none; }
}
#toc {
margin-bottom: 2.5em;
}
#toctitle {
color: #527bbd;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
div.toclevel0, div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
div.toclevel2 {
margin-left: 2em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel3 {
margin-left: 4em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel4 {
margin-left: 6em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
span.aqua { color: aqua; }
span.black { color: black; }
span.blue { color: blue; }
span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
span.gray { color: gray; }
span.green { color: green; }
span.lime { color: lime; }
span.maroon { color: maroon; }
span.navy { color: navy; }
span.olive { color: olive; }
span.purple { color: purple; }
span.red { color: red; }
span.silver { color: silver; }
span.teal { color: teal; }
span.white { color: white; }
span.yellow { color: yellow; }
span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
span.black-background { background: black; }
span.blue-background { background: blue; }
span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
span.gray-background { background: gray; }
span.green-background { background: green; }
span.lime-background { background: lime; }
span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
span.navy-background { background: navy; }
span.olive-background { background: olive; }
span.purple-background { background: purple; }
span.red-background { background: red; }
span.silver-background { background: silver; }
span.teal-background { background: teal; }
span.white-background { background: white; }
span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
span.big { font-size: 2em; }
span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
div.unbreakable { page-break-inside: avoid; }
/*
* xhtml11 specific
*
* */
div.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.tableblock > table {
border: 3px solid #527bbd;
}
thead, p.table.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.table {
margin-top: 0;
}
/* Because the table frame attribute is overridden by CSS in most browsers. */
div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
border-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
border-left-style: none;
border-right-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
border-top-style: none;
border-bottom-style: none;
}
/*
* html5 specific
*
* */
table.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
thead, p.tableblock.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.tableblock {
margin-top: 0;
}
table.tableblock {
border-width: 3px;
border-spacing: 0px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th.tableblock, td.tableblock {
border-width: 1px;
padding: 4px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
}
table.tableblock.frame-topbot {
border-left-style: hidden;
border-right-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-sides {
border-top-style: hidden;
border-bottom-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-none {
border-style: hidden;
}
th.tableblock.halign-left, td.tableblock.halign-left {
text-align: left;
}
th.tableblock.halign-center, td.tableblock.halign-center {
text-align: center;
}
th.tableblock.halign-right, td.tableblock.halign-right {
text-align: right;
}
th.tableblock.valign-top, td.tableblock.valign-top {
vertical-align: top;
}
th.tableblock.valign-middle, td.tableblock.valign-middle {
vertical-align: middle;
}
th.tableblock.valign-bottom, td.tableblock.valign-bottom {
vertical-align: bottom;
}
/*
* manpage specific
*
* */
body.manpage h1 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body.manpage h2 {
border-style: none;
}
body.manpage div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 3em;
}
@media print {
body.manpage div#toc { display: none; }
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<+'])');
// Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
// nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
// browsers).
var iterate = function (el) {
for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
if (i.nodeType == 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */) {
var mo = re.exec(i.tagName);
if (mo && (i.getAttribute("class") || i.getAttribute("className")) != "float") {
result[result.length] = new TocEntry(i, getText(i), mo[1]-1);
}
iterate(i);
}
}
}
iterate(el);
return result;
}
var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
if (!toc) {
return;
}
// Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
var i;
for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
&& entry.getAttribute("class")
&& entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild TOC entries.
var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
var entry = entries[i];
if (entry.element.id == "")
entry.element.id = "_toc_" + i;
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = "#" + entry.element.id;
a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry.text));
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.appendChild(a);
div.className = "toclevel" + entry.toclevel;
toc.appendChild(div);
}
if (entries.length == 0)
toc.parentNode.removeChild(toc);
},
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Footnotes generator
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* Based on footnote generation code from:
* http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html
*/
footnotes: function () {
// Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
var i;
var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
if (!noteholder) {
return;
}
var entriesToRemove = [];
for (i = 0; i < noteholder.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = noteholder.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
entriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild footnote entries.
var cont = document.getElementById("content");
var spans = cont.getElementsByTagName("span");
var refs = {};
var n = 0;
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnote") {
n++;
var note = spans[i].getAttribute("data-note");
if (!note) {
// Use [\s\S] in place of . so multi-line matches work.
// Because JavaScript has no s (dotall) regex flag.
note = spans[i].innerHTML.match(/\s*\[([\s\S]*)]\s*/)[1];
spans[i].innerHTML =
"[<a id='_footnoteref_" + n + "' href='#_footnote_" + n +
"' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
spans[i].setAttribute("data-note", note);
}
noteholder.innerHTML +=
"<div class='footnote' id='_footnote_" + n + "'>" +
"<a href='#_footnoteref_" + n + "' title='Return to text'>" +
n + "</a>. " + note + "</div>";
var id =spans[i].getAttribute("id");
if (id != null) refs["#"+id] = n;
}
}
if (n == 0)
noteholder.parentNode.removeChild(noteholder);
else {
// Process footnoterefs.
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnoteref") {
var href = spans[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0].getAttribute("href");
href = href.match(/#.*/)[0]; // Because IE return full URL.
n = refs[href];
spans[i].innerHTML =
"[<a href='#_footnote_" + n +
"' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
}
}
}
},
install: function(toclevels) {
var timerId;
function reinstall() {
asciidoc.footnotes();
if (toclevels) {
asciidoc.toc(toclevels);
}
}
function reinstallAndRemoveTimer() {
clearInterval(timerId);
reinstall();
}
timerId = setInterval(reinstall, 500);
if (document.addEventListener)
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", reinstallAndRemoveTimer, false);
else
window.onload = reinstallAndRemoveTimer;
}
}
asciidoc.install();
/*]]>*/
</script>
</head>
<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
git-push(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-push -
Update remote refs along with associated objects
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git push</em> [--all | --branches | --mirror | --tags] [--follow-tags] [--atomic] [-n | --dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
[--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-d | --delete] [--prune] [-q | --quiet] [-v | --verbose]
[-u | --set-upstream] [-o <string> | --push-option=<string>]
[--[no-]signed|--signed=(true|false|if-asked)]
[--force-with-lease[=<refname>[:<expect>]] [--force-if-includes]]
[--no-verify] [<repository> [<refspec>…]]</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Updates remote refs using local refs, while sending objects
necessary to complete the given refs.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can make interesting things happen to a repository
every time you push into it, by setting up <em>hooks</em> there. See
documentation for <a href="git-receive-pack.html">git-receive-pack(1)</a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the command line does not specify where to push with the
<code><repository></code> argument, <code>branch.*.remote</code> configuration for the
current branch is consulted to determine where to push. If the
configuration is missing, it defaults to <em>origin</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the command line does not specify what to push with <code><refspec>...</code>
arguments or <code>--all</code>, <code>--mirror</code>, <code>--tags</code> options, the command finds
the default <code><refspec></code> by consulting <code>remote.*.push</code> configuration,
and if it is not found, honors <code>push.default</code> configuration to decide
what to push (See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> for the meaning of <code>push.default</code>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When neither the command-line nor the configuration specifies what to
push, the default behavior is used, which corresponds to the <code>simple</code>
value for <code>push.default</code>: the current branch is pushed to the
corresponding upstream branch, but as a safety measure, the push is
aborted if the upstream branch does not have the same name as the
local one.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options_a_id_options_a">OPTIONS<a id="OPTIONS"></a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<repository>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The "remote" repository that is the destination of a push
operation. This parameter can be either a URL
(see the section <a href="#URLS">GIT URLS</a> below) or the name
of a remote (see the section <a href="#REMOTES">REMOTES</a> below).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<refspec>…
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Specify what destination ref to update with what source object.
The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
<code>+</code>, followed by the source object <src>, followed
by a colon <code>:</code>, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <src> is often the name of the branch you would want to push, but
it can be any arbitrary "SHA-1 expression", such as <code>master~4</code> or
<code>HEAD</code> (see <a href="gitrevisions.html">gitrevisions(7)</a>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <dst> tells which ref on the remote side is updated with this
push. Arbitrary expressions cannot be used here, an actual ref must
be named.
If <code>git push [<repository>]</code> without any <code><refspec></code> argument is set to
update some ref at the destination with <code><src></code> with
<code>remote.<repository>.push</code> configuration variable, <code>:<dst></code> part can
be omitted—such a push will update a ref that <code><src></code> normally updates
without any <code><refspec></code> on the command line. Otherwise, missing
<code>:<dst></code> means to update the same ref as the <code><src></code>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If <dst> doesn’t start with <code>refs/</code> (e.g. <code>refs/heads/master</code>) we will
try to infer where in <code>refs/*</code> on the destination <repository> it
belongs based on the type of <src> being pushed and whether <dst>
is ambiguous.</p></div>
<div class="openblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
If <dst> unambiguously refers to a ref on the <repository> remote,
then push to that ref.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
If <src> resolves to a ref starting with refs/heads/ or refs/tags/,
then prepend that to <dst>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Other ambiguity resolutions might be added in the future, but for
now any other cases will error out with an error indicating what we
tried, and depending on the <code>advice.pushUnqualifiedRefname</code>
configuration (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) suggest what refs/
namespace you may have wanted to push to.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The object referenced by <src> is used to update the <dst> reference
on the remote side. Whether this is allowed depends on where in
<code>refs/*</code> the <dst> reference lives as described in detail below, in
those sections "update" means any modifications except deletes, which
as noted after the next few sections are treated differently.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>refs/heads/*</code> namespace will only accept commit objects, and
updates only if they can be fast-forwarded.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>refs/tags/*</code> namespace will accept any kind of object (as
commits, trees and blobs can be tagged), and any updates to them will
be rejected.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It’s possible to push any type of object to any namespace outside of
<code>refs/{tags,heads}/*</code>. In the case of tags and commits, these will be
treated as if they were the commits inside <code>refs/heads/*</code> for the
purposes of whether the update is allowed.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>I.e. a fast-forward of commits and tags outside <code>refs/{tags,heads}/*</code>
is allowed, even in cases where what’s being fast-forwarded is not a
commit, but a tag object which happens to point to a new commit which
is a fast-forward of the commit the last tag (or commit) it’s
replacing. Replacing a tag with an entirely different tag is also
allowed, if it points to the same commit, as well as pushing a peeled
tag, i.e. pushing the commit that existing tag object points to, or a
new tag object which an existing commit points to.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Tree and blob objects outside of <code>refs/{tags,heads}/*</code> will be treated
the same way as if they were inside <code>refs/tags/*</code>, any update of them
will be rejected.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>All of the rules described above about what’s not allowed as an update
can be overridden by adding an the optional leading <code>+</code> to a refspec
(or using <code>--force</code> command line option). The only exception to this
is that no amount of forcing will make the <code>refs/heads/*</code> namespace
accept a non-commit object. Hooks and configuration can also override
or amend these rules, see e.g. <code>receive.denyNonFastForwards</code> in
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> and <code>pre-receive</code> and <code>update</code> in
<a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from the
remote repository. Deletions are always accepted without a leading <code>+</code>
in the refspec (or <code>--force</code>), except when forbidden by configuration
or hooks. See <code>receive.denyDeletes</code> in <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> and
<code>pre-receive</code> and <code>update</code> in <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The special refspec <code>:</code> (or <code>+:</code> to allow non-fast-forward updates)
directs Git to push "matching" branches: for every branch that exists on
the local side, the remote side is updated if a branch of the same name
already exists on the remote side.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>tag <tag></code> means the same as <code>refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag></code>.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--all
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--branches
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Push all branches (i.e. refs under <code>refs/heads/</code>); cannot be
used with other <refspec>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--prune
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Remove remote branches that don’t have a local counterpart. For example
a remote branch <code>tmp</code> will be removed if a local branch with the same
name doesn’t exist any more. This also respects refspecs, e.g.
<code>git push --prune remote refs/heads/*:refs/tmp/*</code> would
make sure that remote <code>refs/tmp/foo</code> will be removed if <code>refs/heads/foo</code>
doesn’t exist.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--mirror
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
refs under <code>refs/</code> (which includes but is not
limited to <code>refs/heads/</code>, <code>refs/remotes/</code>, and <code>refs/tags/</code>)
be mirrored to the remote repository. Newly created local
refs will be pushed to the remote end, locally updated refs
will be force updated on the remote end, and deleted refs
will be removed from the remote end. This is the default
if the configuration option <code>remote.<remote>.mirror</code> is
set.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-n
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--dry-run
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Do everything except actually send the updates.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--porcelain
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Produce machine-readable output. The output status line for each ref
will be tab-separated and sent to stdout instead of stderr. The full
symbolic names of the refs will be given.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-d
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--delete
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
All listed refs are deleted from the remote repository. This is
the same as prefixing all refs with a colon.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--tags
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
All refs under <code>refs/tags</code> are pushed, in
addition to refspecs explicitly listed on the command
line.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--follow-tags
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Push all the refs that would be pushed without this option,
and also push annotated tags in <code>refs/tags</code> that are missing
from the remote but are pointing at commit-ish that are
reachable from the refs being pushed. This can also be specified
with configuration variable <code>push.followTags</code>. For more
information, see <code>push.followTags</code> in <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]signed
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--signed=(true|false|if-asked)
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
GPG-sign the push request to update refs on the receiving
side, to allow it to be checked by the hooks and/or be
logged. If <code>false</code> or <code>--no-signed</code>, no signing will be
attempted. If <code>true</code> or <code>--signed</code>, the push will fail if the
server does not support signed pushes. If set to <code>if-asked</code>,
sign if and only if the server supports signed pushes. The push
will also fail if the actual call to <code>gpg --sign</code> fails. See
<a href="git-receive-pack.html">git-receive-pack(1)</a> for the details on the receiving end.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]atomic
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use an atomic transaction on the remote side if available.
Either all refs are updated, or on error, no refs are updated.
If the server does not support atomic pushes the push will fail.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-o <option>
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--push-option=<option>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Transmit the given string to the server, which passes them to
the pre-receive as well as the post-receive hook. The given string
must not contain a NUL or LF character.
When multiple <code>--push-option=<option></code> are given, they are
all sent to the other side in the order listed on the
command line.
When no <code>--push-option=<option></code> is given from the command
line, the values of configuration variable <code>push.pushOption</code>
are used instead.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--exec=<git-receive-pack>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Path to the <em>git-receive-pack</em> program on the remote
end. Sometimes useful when pushing to a remote
repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in
a directory on the default $PATH.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]force-with-lease
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--force-with-lease=<refname>
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Usually, "git push" refuses to update a remote ref that is
not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This option overrides this restriction if the current value of the
remote ref is the expected value. "git push" fails otherwise.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Imagine that you have to rebase what you have already published.
You will have to bypass the "must fast-forward" rule in order to
replace the history you originally published with the rebased history.
If somebody else built on top of your original history while you are
rebasing, the tip of the branch at the remote may advance with their
commit, and blindly pushing with <code>--force</code> will lose their work.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This option allows you to say that you expect the history you are
updating is what you rebased and want to replace. If the remote ref
still points at the commit you specified, you can be sure that no
other people did anything to the ref. It is like taking a "lease" on
the ref without explicitly locking it, and the remote ref is updated
only if the "lease" is still valid.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>--force-with-lease</code> alone, without specifying the details, will protect
all remote refs that are going to be updated by requiring their
current value to be the same as the remote-tracking branch we have
for them.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>--force-with-lease=<refname></code>, without specifying the expected value, will
protect the named ref (alone), if it is going to be updated, by
requiring its current value to be the same as the remote-tracking
branch we have for it.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect></code> will protect the named ref (alone),
if it is going to be updated, by requiring its current value to be
the same as the specified value <code><expect></code> (which is allowed to be
different from the remote-tracking branch we have for the refname,
or we do not even have to have such a remote-tracking branch when
this form is used). If <code><expect></code> is the empty string, then the named ref
must not already exist.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that all forms other than <code>--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect></code>
that specifies the expected current value of the ref explicitly are
still experimental and their semantics may change as we gain experience
with this feature.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>"--no-force-with-lease" will cancel all the previous --force-with-lease on the
command line.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A general note on safety: supplying this option without an expected
value, i.e. as <code>--force-with-lease</code> or <code>--force-with-lease=<refname></code>
interacts very badly with anything that implicitly runs <code>git fetch</code> on
the remote to be pushed to in the background, e.g. <code>git fetch origin</code>
on your repository in a cronjob.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The protection it offers over <code>--force</code> is ensuring that subsequent
changes your work wasn’t based on aren’t clobbered, but this is
trivially defeated if some background process is updating refs in the
background. We don’t have anything except the remote tracking info to
go by as a heuristic for refs you’re expected to have seen & are
willing to clobber.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If your editor or some other system is running <code>git fetch</code> in the
background for you a way to mitigate this is to simply set up another
remote:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git remote add origin-push $(git config remote.origin.url)
git fetch origin-push</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Now when the background process runs <code>git fetch origin</code> the references
on <code>origin-push</code> won’t be updated, and thus commands like:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git push --force-with-lease origin-push</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Will fail unless you manually run <code>git fetch origin-push</code>. This method
is of course entirely defeated by something that runs <code>git fetch
--all</code>, in that case you’d need to either disable it or do something
more tedious like:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git fetch # update 'master' from remote
git tag base master # mark our base point
git rebase -i master # rewrite some commits
git push --force-with-lease=master:base master:master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>I.e. create a <code>base</code> tag for versions of the upstream code that you’ve
seen and are willing to overwrite, then rewrite history, and finally
force push changes to <code>master</code> if the remote version is still at
<code>base</code>, regardless of what your local <code>remotes/origin/master</code> has been
updated to in the background.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Alternatively, specifying <code>--force-if-includes</code> as an ancillary option
along with <code>--force-with-lease[=<refname>]</code> (i.e., without saying what
exact commit the ref on the remote side must be pointing at, or which
refs on the remote side are being protected) at the time of "push" will
verify if updates from the remote-tracking refs that may have been
implicitly updated in the background are integrated locally before
allowing a forced update.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-f
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--force
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that is
not an ancestor of the local ref used to overwrite it.
Also, when <code>--force-with-lease</code> option is used, the command refuses
to update a remote ref whose current value does not match
what is expected.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This flag disables these checks, and can cause the remote repository
to lose commits; use it with care.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that <code>--force</code> applies to all the refs that are pushed, hence
using it with <code>push.default</code> set to <code>matching</code> or with multiple push
destinations configured with <code>remote.*.push</code> may overwrite refs
other than the current branch (including local refs that are
strictly behind their remote counterpart). To force a push to only
one branch, use a <code>+</code> in front of the refspec to push (e.g <code>git push
origin +master</code> to force a push to the <code>master</code> branch). See the
<code><refspec>...</code> section above for details.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]force-if-includes
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Force an update only if the tip of the remote-tracking ref
has been integrated locally.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This option enables a check that verifies if the tip of the
remote-tracking ref is reachable from one of the "reflog" entries of
the local branch based in it for a rewrite. The check ensures that any
updates from the remote have been incorporated locally by rejecting the
forced update if that is not the case.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the option is passed without specifying <code>--force-with-lease</code>, or
specified along with <code>--force-with-lease=<refname>:<expect></code>, it is
a "no-op".</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Specifying <code>--no-force-if-includes</code> disables this behavior.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--repo=<repository>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
This option is equivalent to the <repository> argument. If both
are specified, the command-line argument takes precedence.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-u
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--set-upstream
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
For every branch that is up to date or successfully pushed, add
upstream (tracking) reference, used by argument-less
<a href="git-pull.html">git-pull(1)</a> and other commands. For more information,
see <code>branch.<name>.merge</code> in <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]thin
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
These options are passed to <a href="git-send-pack.html">git-send-pack(1)</a>. A thin transfer
significantly reduces the amount of sent data when the sender and
receiver share many of the same objects in common. The default is
<code>--thin</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-q
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--quiet
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Suppress all output, including the listing of updated refs,
unless an error occurs. Progress is not reported to the standard
error stream.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-v
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--verbose
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Run verbosely.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--progress
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-recurse-submodules
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--recurse-submodules=check|on-demand|only|no
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
May be used to make sure all submodule commits used by the
revisions to be pushed are available on a remote-tracking branch.
If <em>check</em> is used Git will verify that all submodule commits that
changed in the revisions to be pushed are available on at least one
remote of the submodule. If any commits are missing the push will
be aborted and exit with non-zero status. If <em>on-demand</em> is used
all submodules that changed in the revisions to be pushed will be
pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary revisions it will
also be aborted and exit with non-zero status. If <em>only</em> is used all
submodules will be pushed while the superproject is left
unpushed. A value of <em>no</em> or using <code>--no-recurse-submodules</code> can be used
to override the push.recurseSubmodules configuration variable when no
submodule recursion is required.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When using <em>on-demand</em> or <em>only</em>, if a submodule has a
"push.recurseSubmodules={on-demand,only}" or "submodule.recurse" configuration,
further recursion will occur. In this case, "only" is treated as "on-demand".</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]verify
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Toggle the pre-push hook (see <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>). The
default is --verify, giving the hook a chance to prevent the
push. With --no-verify, the hook is bypassed completely.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-4
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--ipv4
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use IPv4 addresses only, ignoring IPv6 addresses.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-6
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--ipv6
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use IPv6 addresses only, ignoring IPv4 addresses.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git_urls_a_id_urls_a">GIT URLS<a id="URLS"></a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>In general, URLs contain information about the transport protocol, the
address of the remote server, and the path to the repository.
Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be
absent.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp
and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and
deprecated; do not use them).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The native transport (i.e. git:// URL) does no authentication and
should be used with caution on unsecured networks.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The following syntaxes may be used with them:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<code>ssh://</code>[<em><user></em><code>@</code>]<em><host></em>[<code>:</code><em><port></em>]<code>/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>git://</code><em><host></em>[:<em><port></em>]<code>/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>http</code>[<code>s</code>]<code>://</code><em><host></em>[<code>:</code><em><port></em>]<code>/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>ftp</code>[<code>s</code>]<code>://</code><em><host></em>[<code>:</code><em><port></em>]<code>/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
[<em><user></em><code>@</code>]<em><host></em><code>:/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This syntax is only recognized if there are no slashes before the
first colon. This helps differentiate a local path that contains a
colon. For example the local path <code>foo:bar</code> could be specified as an
absolute path or <code>./foo:bar</code> to avoid being misinterpreted as an ssh
url.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The ssh and git protocols additionally support <code>~</code><em><username></em> expansion:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<code>ssh://</code>[<em><user></em><code>@</code>]<em><host></em>[<code>:</code><em><port></em>]<code>/~</code><em><user></em><code>/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>git://</code><em><host></em>[<code>:</code><em><port></em>]<code>/~</code><em><user></em><code>/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
[<em><user></em><code>@</code>]<em><host></em><code>:~</code><em><user></em><code>/</code><em><path-to-git-repo></em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For local repositories, also supported by Git natively, the following
syntaxes may be used:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<code>/path/to/repo.git/</code>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>file:///path/to/repo.git/</code>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except when cloning, when
the former implies <code>--local</code> option. See <a href="git-clone.html">git-clone(1)</a> for
details.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>git clone</code>, <code>git fetch</code> and <code>git pull</code>, but not <code>git push</code>, will also
accept a suitable bundle file. See <a href="git-bundle.html">git-bundle(1)</a>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When Git doesn’t know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it
attempts to use the <code>remote-</code><em><transport></em> remote helper, if one
exists. To explicitly request a remote helper, the following syntax
may be used:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<em><transport></em>::<em><address></em>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>where <em><address></em> may be a path, a server and path, or an arbitrary
URL-like string recognized by the specific remote helper being
invoked. See <a href="gitremote-helpers.html">gitremote-helpers(7)</a> for details.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If there are a large number of similarly-named remote repositories and
you want to use a different format for them (such that the URLs you
use will be rewritten into URLs that work), you can create a
configuration section of the form:</p></div>
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"> [url "<em><actual-url-base></em>"]
insteadOf = <em><other-url-base></em></pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, with this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [url "git://git.host.xz/"]
insteadOf = host.xz:/path/to/
insteadOf = work:</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be
rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you want to rewrite URLs for push only, you can create a
configuration section of the form:</p></div>
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"> [url "<em><actual-url-base></em>"]
pushInsteadOf = <em><other-url-base></em></pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, with this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [url "ssh://example.org/"]
pushInsteadOf = git://example.org/</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>a URL like "git://example.org/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten to
"ssh://example.org/path/to/repo.git" for pushes, but pulls will still
use the original URL.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_remotes_a_id_remotes_a">REMOTES<a id="REMOTES"></a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The name of one of the following can be used instead
of a URL as <code><repository></code> argument:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
a remote in the Git configuration file: <code>$GIT_DIR/config</code>,
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
a file in the <code>$GIT_DIR/remotes</code> directory, or
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
a file in the <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code> directory.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>All of these also allow you to omit the refspec from the command line
because they each contain a refspec which git will use by default.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_named_remote_in_configuration_file">Named remote in configuration file</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can choose to provide the name of a remote which you had previously
configured using <a href="git-remote.html">git-remote(1)</a>, <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>
or even by a manual edit to the <code>$GIT_DIR/config</code> file. The URL of
this remote will be used to access the repository. The refspec
of this remote will be used by default when you do
not provide a refspec on the command line. The entry in the
config file would appear like this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> [remote "<name>"]
url = <URL>
pushurl = <pushurl>
push = <refspec>
fetch = <refspec></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code><pushurl></code> is used for pushes only. It is optional and defaults
to <code><URL></code>. Pushing to a remote affects all defined pushurls or all
defined urls if no pushurls are defined. Fetch, however, will only
fetch from the first defined url if multiple urls are defined.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_named_file_in_code_git_dir_remotes_code">Named file in <code>$GIT_DIR/remotes</code></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can choose to provide the name of a
file in <code>$GIT_DIR/remotes</code>. The URL
in this file will be used to access the repository. The refspec
in this file will be used as default when you do not
provide a refspec on the command line. This file should have the
following format:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> URL: one of the above URL formats
Push: <refspec>
Pull: <refspec></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>Push:</code> lines are used by <em>git push</em> and
<code>Pull:</code> lines are used by <em>git pull</em> and <em>git fetch</em>.
Multiple <code>Push:</code> and <code>Pull:</code> lines may
be specified for additional branch mappings.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_named_file_in_code_git_dir_branches_code">Named file in <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code></h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can choose to provide the name of a
file in <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code>.
The URL in this file will be used to access the repository.
This file should have the following format:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> <URL>#<head></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code><URL></code> is required; <code>#<head></code> is optional.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Depending on the operation, git will use one of the following
refspecs, if you don’t provide one on the command line.
<code><branch></code> is the name of this file in <code>$GIT_DIR/branches</code> and
<code><head></code> defaults to <code>master</code>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>git fetch uses:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> refs/heads/<head>:refs/heads/<branch></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>git push uses:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> HEAD:refs/heads/<head></code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_output">OUTPUT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The output of "git push" depends on the transport method used; this
section describes the output when pushing over the Git protocol (either
locally or via ssh).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The status of the push is output in tabular form, with each line
representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> <flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> (<reason>)</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If --porcelain is used, then each line of the output is of the form:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> <flag> \t <from>:<to> \t <summary> (<reason>)</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The status of up-to-date refs is shown only if --porcelain or --verbose
option is used.</p></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
flag
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
A single character indicating the status of the ref:
</p>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
(space)
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successfully pushed fast-forward;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>+</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successful forced update;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>-</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successfully deleted ref;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>*</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a successfully pushed new ref;
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>!</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a ref that was rejected or failed to push; and
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>=</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
for a ref that was up to date and did not need pushing.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
summary
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new
values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
<code>git log</code> (this is <code><old>..<new></code> in most cases, and
<code><old>...<new></code> for forced non-fast-forward updates).
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For a failed update, more details are given:</p></div>
<div class="openblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
rejected
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Git did not try to send the ref at all, typically because it
is not a fast-forward and you did not force the update.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
remote rejected
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The remote end refused the update. Usually caused by a hook
on the remote side, or because the remote repository has one
of the following safety options in effect:
<code>receive.denyCurrentBranch</code> (for pushes to the checked out
branch), <code>receive.denyNonFastForwards</code> (for forced
non-fast-forward updates), <code>receive.denyDeletes</code> or
<code>receive.denyDeleteCurrent</code>. See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
remote failure
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The remote end did not report the successful update of the ref,
perhaps because of a temporary error on the remote side, a
break in the network connection, or other transient error.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
from
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The name of the local ref being pushed, minus its
<code>refs/<type>/</code> prefix. In the case of deletion, the
name of the local ref is omitted.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
to
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
The name of the remote ref being updated, minus its
<code>refs/<type>/</code> prefix.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
reason
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully pushed
refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
failure is described.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_note_about_fast_forwards">NOTE ABOUT FAST-FORWARDS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>When an update changes a branch (or more in general, a ref) that used to
point at commit A to point at another commit B, it is called a
fast-forward update if and only if B is a descendant of A.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In a fast-forward update from A to B, the set of commits that the original
commit A built on top of is a subset of the commits the new commit B
builds on top of. Hence, it does not lose any history.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In contrast, a non-fast-forward update will lose history. For example,
suppose you and somebody else started at the same commit X, and you built
a history leading to commit B while the other person built a history
leading to commit A. The history looks like this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> B
/
---X---A</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Further suppose that the other person already pushed changes leading to A
back to the original repository from which you two obtained the original
commit X.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The push done by the other person updated the branch that used to point at
commit X to point at commit A. It is a fast-forward.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>But if you try to push, you will attempt to update the branch (that
now points at A) with commit B. This does <em>not</em> fast-forward. If you did
so, the changes introduced by commit A will be lost, because everybody
will now start building on top of B.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The command by default does not allow an update that is not a fast-forward
to prevent such loss of history.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you do not want to lose your work (history from X to B) or the work by
the other person (history from X to A), you would need to first fetch the
history from the repository, create a history that contains changes done
by both parties, and push the result back.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can perform "git pull", resolve potential conflicts, and "git push"
the result. A "git pull" will create a merge commit C between commits A
and B.</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> B---C
/ /
---X---A</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Updating A with the resulting merge commit will fast-forward and your
push will be accepted.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Alternatively, you can rebase your change between X and B on top of A,
with "git pull --rebase", and push the result back. The rebase will
create a new commit D that builds the change between X and B on top of
A.</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> B D
/ /
---X---A</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Again, updating A with this commit will fast-forward and your push will be
accepted.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There is another common situation where you may encounter non-fast-forward
rejection when you try to push, and it is possible even when you are
pushing into a repository nobody else pushes into. After you push commit
A yourself (in the first picture in this section), replace it with "git
commit --amend" to produce commit B, and you try to push it out, because
forgot that you have pushed A out already. In such a case, and only if
you are certain that nobody in the meantime fetched your earlier commit A
(and started building on top of it), you can run "git push --force" to
overwrite it. In other words, "git push --force" is a method reserved for
a case where you do mean to lose history.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Works like <code>git push <remote></code>, where <remote> is the
current branch’s remote (or <code>origin</code>, if no remote is
configured for the current branch).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Without additional configuration, pushes the current branch to
the configured upstream (<code>branch.<name>.merge</code> configuration
variable) if it has the same name as the current branch, and
errors out without pushing otherwise.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The default behavior of this command when no <refspec> is given can be
configured by setting the <code>push</code> option of the remote, or the <code>push.default</code>
configuration variable.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, to default to pushing only the current branch to <code>origin</code>
use <code>git config remote.origin.push HEAD</code>. Any valid <refspec> (like
the ones in the examples below) can be configured as the default for
<code>git push origin</code>.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin :</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Push "matching" branches to <code>origin</code>. See
<refspec> in the <a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a> section above for a
description of "matching" branches.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin master</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Find a ref that matches <code>master</code> in the source repository
(most likely, it would find <code>refs/heads/master</code>), and update
the same ref (e.g. <code>refs/heads/master</code>) in <code>origin</code> repository
with it. If <code>master</code> did not exist remotely, it would be
created.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin HEAD</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
A handy way to push the current branch to the same name on the
remote.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push mothership master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use the source ref that matches <code>master</code> (e.g. <code>refs/heads/master</code>)
to update the ref that matches <code>satellite/master</code> (most probably
<code>refs/remotes/satellite/master</code>) in the <code>mothership</code> repository;
do the same for <code>dev</code> and <code>satellite/dev</code>.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>See the section describing <code><refspec>...</code> above for a discussion of
the matching semantics.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is to emulate <code>git fetch</code> run on the <code>mothership</code> using <code>git
push</code> that is run in the opposite direction in order to integrate
the work done on <code>satellite</code>, and is often necessary when you can
only make connection in one way (i.e. satellite can ssh into
mothership but mothership cannot initiate connection to satellite
because the latter is behind a firewall or does not run sshd).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After running this <code>git push</code> on the <code>satellite</code> machine, you would
ssh into the <code>mothership</code> and run <code>git merge</code> there to complete the
emulation of <code>git pull</code> that were run on <code>mothership</code> to pull changes
made on <code>satellite</code>.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin HEAD:master</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Push the current branch to the remote ref matching <code>master</code> in the
<code>origin</code> repository. This form is convenient to push the current
branch without thinking about its local name.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Create the branch <code>experimental</code> in the <code>origin</code> repository
by copying the current <code>master</code> branch. This form is only
needed to create a new branch or tag in the remote repository when
the local name and the remote name are different; otherwise,
the ref name on its own will work.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin :experimental</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Find a ref that matches <code>experimental</code> in the <code>origin</code> repository
(e.g. <code>refs/heads/experimental</code>), and delete it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<code>git push origin +dev:master</code>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Update the origin repository’s master branch with the dev branch,
allowing non-fast-forward updates. <strong>This can leave unreferenced
commits dangling in the origin repository.</strong> Consider the
following situation, where a fast-forward is not possible:
</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> o---o---o---A---B origin/master
\
X---Y---Z dev</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The above command would change the origin repository to</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> A---B (unnamed branch)
/
o---o---o---X---Y---Z master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Commits A and B would no longer belong to a branch with a symbolic name,
and so would be unreachable. As such, these commits would be removed by
a <code>git gc</code> command on the origin repository.</p></div>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_security">SECURITY</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The fetch and push protocols are not designed to prevent one side from
stealing data from the other repository that was not intended to be
shared. If you have private data that you need to protect from a malicious
peer, your best option is to store it in another repository. This applies
to both clients and servers. In particular, namespaces on a server are not
effective for read access control; you should only grant read access to a
namespace to clients that you would trust with read access to the entire
repository.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The known attack vectors are as follows:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The victim sends "have" lines advertising the IDs of objects it has that
are not explicitly intended to be shared but can be used to optimize the
transfer if the peer also has them. The attacker chooses an object ID X
to steal and sends a ref to X, but isn’t required to send the content of
X because the victim already has it. Now the victim believes that the
attacker has X, and it sends the content of X back to the attacker
later. (This attack is most straightforward for a client to perform on a
server, by creating a ref to X in the namespace the client has access
to and then fetching it. The most likely way for a server to perform it
on a client is to "merge" X into a public branch and hope that the user
does additional work on this branch and pushes it back to the server
without noticing the merge.)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
As in #1, the attacker chooses an object ID X to steal. The victim sends
an object Y that the attacker already has, and the attacker falsely
claims to have X and not Y, so the victim sends Y as a delta against X.
The delta reveals regions of X that are similar to Y to the attacker.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
as what’s found there:</p></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.autoSetupRemote
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to "true" assume <code>--set-upstream</code> on default push when no
upstream tracking exists for the current branch; this option
takes effect with push.default options <em>simple</em>, <em>upstream</em>,
and <em>current</em>. It is useful if by default you want new branches
to be pushed to the default remote (like the behavior of
<em>push.default=current</em>) and you also want the upstream tracking
to be set. Workflows most likely to benefit from this option are
<em>simple</em> central workflows where all branches are expected to
have the same name on the remote.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.default
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Defines the action <code>git push</code> should take if no refspec is
given (whether from the command-line, config, or elsewhere).
Different values are well-suited for
specific workflows; for instance, in a purely central workflow
(i.e. the fetch source is equal to the push destination),
<code>upstream</code> is probably what you want. Possible values are:
</p>
<div class="openblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<code>nothing</code> - do not push anything (error out) unless a refspec is
given. This is primarily meant for people who want to
avoid mistakes by always being explicit.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>current</code> - push the current branch to update a branch with the same
name on the receiving end. Works in both central and non-central
workflows.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>upstream</code> - push the current branch back to the branch whose
changes are usually integrated into the current branch (which is
called <code>@{upstream}</code>). This mode only makes sense if you are
pushing to the same repository you would normally pull from
(i.e. central workflow).
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>tracking</code> - This is a deprecated synonym for <code>upstream</code>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>simple</code> - push the current branch with the same name on the remote.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you are working on a centralized workflow (pushing to the same repository you
pull from, which is typically <code>origin</code>), then you need to configure an upstream
branch with the same name.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This mode is the default since Git 2.0, and is the safest option suited for
beginners.</p></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<code>matching</code> - push all branches having the same name on both ends.
This makes the repository you are pushing to remember the set of
branches that will be pushed out (e.g. if you always push <em>maint</em>
and <em>master</em> there and no other branches, the repository you push
to will have these two branches, and your local <em>maint</em> and
<em>master</em> will be pushed there).
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To use this mode effectively, you have to make sure <em>all</em> the
branches you would push out are ready to be pushed out before
running <em>git push</em>, as the whole point of this mode is to allow you
to push all of the branches in one go. If you usually finish work
on only one branch and push out the result, while other branches are
unfinished, this mode is not for you. Also this mode is not
suitable for pushing into a shared central repository, as other
people may add new branches there, or update the tip of existing
branches outside your control.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This used to be the default, but not since Git 2.0 (<code>simple</code> is the
new default).</p></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.followTags
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to true, enable <code>--follow-tags</code> option by default. You
may override this configuration at time of push by specifying
<code>--no-follow-tags</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.gpgSign
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
May be set to a boolean value, or the string <em>if-asked</em>. A true
value causes all pushes to be GPG signed, as if <code>--signed</code> is
passed to <a href="git-push.html">git-push(1)</a>. The string <em>if-asked</em> causes
pushes to be signed if the server supports it, as if
<code>--signed=if-asked</code> is passed to <em>git push</em>. A false value may
override a value from a lower-priority config file. An explicit
command-line flag always overrides this config option.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.pushOption
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
When no <code>--push-option=<option></code> argument is given from the
command line, <code>git push</code> behaves as if each <value> of
this variable is given as <code>--push-option=<value></code>.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is a multi-valued variable, and an empty value can be used in a
higher priority configuration file (e.g. <code>.git/config</code> in a
repository) to clear the values inherited from a lower priority
configuration files (e.g. <code>$HOME/.gitconfig</code>).</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Example:
/etc/gitconfig
push.pushoption = a
push.pushoption = b
~/.gitconfig
push.pushoption = c
repo/.git/config
push.pushoption =
push.pushoption = b
This will result in only b (a and c are cleared).</code></pre>
</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.recurseSubmodules
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
May be "check", "on-demand", "only", or "no", with the same behavior
as that of "push --recurse-submodules".
If not set, <em>no</em> is used by default, unless <em>submodule.recurse</em> is
set (in which case a <em>true</em> value means <em>on-demand</em>).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.useForceIfIncludes
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to "true", it is equivalent to specifying
<code>--force-if-includes</code> as an option to <a href="git-push.html">git-push(1)</a>
in the command line. Adding <code>--no-force-if-includes</code> at the
time of push overrides this configuration setting.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.negotiate
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to "true", attempt to reduce the size of the packfile
sent by rounds of negotiation in which the client and the
server attempt to find commits in common. If "false", Git will
rely solely on the server’s ref advertisement to find commits
in common.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
push.useBitmaps
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to "false", disable use of bitmaps for "git push" even if
<code>pack.useBitmaps</code> is "true", without preventing other git operations
from using bitmaps. Default is true.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
2023-10-29 16:42:00 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
